Operational amplifier
The operational amplifier amplifies the differential input voltage U_in with
U_in = U_n – U_p
by the open-loop voltage gain V0, which inverts the output voltage U_out.
Given an ideal linear model, the output voltage can therefore be calculated with the following equation:
U_out = -Vo * U_in
Additionally, the supply voltage restricts the output voltage.
The positive supply voltage US_p and the negative supply voltage US_n can be assigned in the property dialog when using the simplified symbol.
When the non-linear model is used (which is FluidSIMs default setting), the previously stated equation is only satisfied by approximation. The output voltage approaches the limiting voltage without abrupt change in the slope.
The inputs are provided with a high resistance while the output is provided with a low resistance.
The operational amplifier is not modelled as an integrated circuit in detail. The temporal relation between input and output signal is modelled as a PT1-System with time constant T.
Adjustable parameters
| Designation | Range | Default value |
|---|---|---|
| Physical model | Linear model, Non-linear model | Non-linear model |
| Open loop gain | 1 ... 1e7 | 10000 |
| Input resistance | 1 ... 1e9 Ohm | 1e6 |
| Output resistance | 1 ... 1000 Ohm | 10 |
| Max. Voltage | -400 ... 400 V | 12 |
| Min. Voltage | -400 ... 400 V | -12 |
| Time constant | 0.001 ... 1 ms | 0.1 |